Project

Child Kinematics in the Rear Seat during Driving Manoeuvres

Misuse of Booster Cushions – An Observation Study of Children’s Performance during Buckling Up

Booster cushions are effective tools to protect children from injuries in car crashes, but there remains a large amount of misuse. The aim of this study was to assess potential misuse of booster cushions in an observational laboratory study, and to

The frontal-impact response of a booster-seated child-size PMHS

This paper presents the response of a child-size Post Mortem Human Subject in a series of frontal impact sled tests. Specific focus is on the whole-body kinematics and resulting head trajectories under two different restraint conditions (booster seat and

Rear Seat Occupant Thorax Protection in Near Side Impacts

Thoracic side-airbags (SAB) have proven to protect front seat occupants in side impacts. This benefit has not been evaluated for rear seat occupants who are typically small statured. The objective was to analyze field data from rear seat occupants in near

Effect of booster seat design on children's choice of seating positions during naturalistic riding

The purpose of this naturalistic study was to investigate the effect of booster seat design on the choice of children’s seating positions during naturalistic riding. Data was collected through observations of children during in-vehicle riding by means of a

Head injury causation scenarios for belted, rear-seated children in frontal impacts

Objectives: Head injuries are the most common serious injuries sustained by children in motor vehicle crashes and are of critical importance with regard to long-term disability. There is a lack of understanding of how seat belt–restrained children sustain

Kinematics and shoulder belt position of child rear seat passengers during vehicle maneuvers

Head impact to the seat back has been identified as one important injury causation scenario for seat belt restrained, head-injured children and previous research highlighted vehicle maneuvers prior to impact as possible contributing factors. The aim was to

Older Children's Sitting Postures when Riding in the Rear Seat

An on‐road driving study comprising six children aged 8‐13 years (138‐150 cm) was conducted to increase the understanding of children’s natural sitting behavior during a car ride. Each child was video recorded during a pre‐determined 40‐minute route in the

Rear seat safety in frontal to side impacts - focusing on occupants from 3yrs to small adults

This study presents a broad comprehensive research effort that combines expertise from industry and academia and uses various methodologies with applied research directed towards countermeasures. The project includes real world crash data analysis, real

Child Safety in Car Crashes - A Modeling Approach for Safety System Improvements

Traffic related trauma is the most common cause of fatality and severe injury to children in developed countries. The majority of these fatalities and injuries are caused by frontal and side impacts. Researchers agree that the head is the most important

Evaluation of the Head Kinematics of the Q3 Model and a Modified Q3 Model by Means of Crash Reconstruction

Objective: One objective of this study is to evaluate the head kinematics of the Q3 model. Another  objective is to evaluate the effect on head kinematics of increased thoracic spine flexibility; more  humanlike mass distribution; and more humanlike body

Headform Impact Tests to Assess Energy Management of Seat Back Contact Points Associated with Head Injury for Pediatric Occupants

Head injuries are the most common injuries sustained by children in motor vehicle crashes regardless of age, restraint and crash direction. Previous research identified the front seat back as relevant contact point associated with head injuries sustained

Parameter study for child injury mitigation in near-side impacts through FE simulations

Objective: The objective of this study is to investigate the effects by crash related car parameters on head and chest injury measures for 3- and 12-year-old children in near side impacts. Methods: The evaluation was made by using a model of a complete

Kinematics of Child Volunteers and Child Anthropomorphic Test Devices During Emergency Braking Events in Real Car Environment

Objectives: The objective of this study was to present, compare, and discuss the kinematic response of children and child anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs) during emergency braking events in different restraint configurations in a passenger vehicle

Rear Seat Child Safety in Near-Side Impacts: A Modeling Study of Common Sitting Positions

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate and propose improvements to the injury mitigation systems, in near-side impacts, for 6 common sitting positions of young adolescents using a previously validated model. Methods: The evaluation was made