Event

Welcome to join Erik Brynskog's Licentiate seminar titled: Towards the Inclusion of Pelvis Population Variance in Human Body Models.

Erik Brynskog is a PhD student at the Injury Prevention Group within the Division of Vehicle Safety. Erik’s research is focused on human body computational modelling to enable injury predictions from car crashes. The research is mainly carried out using computer simulations with vehicle and human body models where the models are calibrated and validated towards experimental data. The goal of the research is to produce human body models which can predict the effect of new countermeasures, in terms of saved lives/reduced harm, before the system is on the market.

In Sweden, PhD candidates also present a (licentiate) thesis mid-way to their final defense.

Supervisors: Johan Davidsson (main supervisor), Johan Iraeus and Bengt Pipkorn

Discussion Leader: Associate Professor Jason R. Kerrigan, University of Virginia, Center for Applied Biomechanics, USA
Examiner: Professor Robert Thomson, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden 

You do not have to register, it is just to join in or connect (se connection details below)! Welcome!

Link to Erik's thesis: https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/529291

ABSTRACT
With a future large-scale introduction of autonomous vehicles, the proportion of intersection crashes on the total number of motor vehicle crashes is expected to increase. The pelvis is frequently exposed to high loads in several of these impacts. In addition, autonomous driving is expected to result in new seating positions where reclined seating increases the risk that the pelvis slides under the lap belt, producing submarining induced injuries. If unaddressed, submarining may result in an increased prevalence of abdominal and spinal injuries, and if addressed by advanced restraint systems, the risk of pelvis fractures may increase due to higher pelvis loads.

Finite Element Human Body Models (FE-HBMs) are the most advanced tool to use in the design of safety systems for current and future vehicles. FE-HBMs can represent the human anatomy, anthropometry, and physical properties to predict a biomechanical response to applied loading via computer simulations. As of today, these models are typically defined based on an average male or female subject in terms of global measurements like age, stature, and weight. However, individual variability is an intrinsic property of humans that needs to be considered in order to capture the vulnerable population and maximize efficiency of vehicle safety systems. FE-HBMs provides the opportunity to include both geometrical and material variability in the analysis. 

In this thesis, methods/tools that enable inclusion of pelvis population variance in HBMs were developed. As part of this work, the population variance in pelvis shape was described and a morphometric model capable of predicting pelvis shape was developed. A new generic pelvis FE-model was generated from the average pelvis geometry, which can be morphed to the population variance in pelvis shape. The model was validated for lateral impacts followed by a sensitivity analysis on model response to input variance. Results show that while 90% of the population shape variance was captured, 29% was predicted by the morphometric model using sex, age, stature, and BMI as independent variables. The sensitivity analysis found that material properties account for the majority of the response variance (≈50-65%) in pelvis lateral impacts, but that input variables controlling shape contribute by a similar magnitude (≈35-40%). 

Increased knowledge about population variability, and inclusion in future safety evaluations, can result in more robust systems that reduce the risk of pelvis injuries in real-world accidents.

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