Publications

Final Report EVA

Emergency vehicles face risks when interacting with surrounding traffic. To support civilian drivers’ move over-behavior they can be provided with an Emergency Vehicle Approaching (EVA) warning. An EVA warning is an in-car warning that lets the driver know

Final Report DRIV

Final Report

The Think Tank, an interdisciplinary working group operating within SAFER, has convened for a little over a year. Its mission is to delve into the potential of utilizing a road safety footprint as a conceptual framework for enhancing road safety.

This

Final Report: DISC SAFER Pre-study

Final Report: Think Tank Traffic Safety Footprint

THE CREATION AND APPLICATION OF HARMONIZED PRE-CRASH SCENARIOS FROM GLOBAL TRAFFIC ACCIDENT DATA

The development and test of future Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and Autonomous Driving (AD) AD functions requires sophisticated data from pre-crash scenarios. As real-world traffic provides an infinite variety of scenarios and vehicles are

DARTER - Final Report

Verification and validation (V&V) of Intelligent Transport Solutions and their components in real traffic is difficult (costs, passers-by, etc.) and running tests under all possible conditions (weather, traffic, etc.) is impossible. For these reasons

Slutrapport TRV 2021/115451

Projektet har syftat till att undersöka möjligheten att använda trafiksäkerhetskrav och systematisk uppföljning av dessa som en del i upphandlingen av godstransporter, med syftet att förbättra trafiksäkerheten på vägarna. Dagens upphandlingar, där

Final Pre-Study Report SYNCOPE

Sudden sickness in drivers is a common cause of fatal crashes and accounts for about 10% of road traffic fatalities in Sweden. The risk could be mitigated with a driver monitor system capable of detecting critical medical conditions. Vehicle integrated and

Hövding data for risk assessment - Final Report

The pre-study has investigated how Hövding data can be made available in RoDL. Since
the project coincided with a process around business model for data at the company
has no model for general data sharing could be developed, but the data used in the

Final Report - Göteborgs Green City Zone

Final Report

The purpose of this project was to build a prototype of a new type of bicycle simulator. It consists of a versatile construction with potential for many functions, based on bike rollers. The goal was to keep a realistic bicycling experience.

Elderly motor vehicle drivers in traffic accidents

Road traffic injuries are an increasing public health problem with large costs for society. Currently, there is insufficient compiled data with regard to traffic accidents related to older drivers, and there is a lack of research in the area. The aim of

The Face Airbag: A Novel Concept for Facial Impact Protection

Relevant safety countermeasure was presented at IRCOBI conference 2022.

Towards an assessment of safety and security interplay in automated driving systems

We are currently in the midst of significant changes in the road transport system, including the transformation to fossil-free propulsion and the shift to higher levels of automation. The next level in automation is soon upon us and is encompassed by the

Effects of cognitive tasks on car drivers’ behaviors and physiological responses

The effects of drivers’ engagement in cognitive tasks (i.e., non-visual, cognitively loading activities unrelated to the task of driving) are debated and unclear. Numerous experiments show impaired driver behaviors, yet naturalistic studies typically do

Macroscale Modelling of 3D-Woven Composites: Inelasticity, Progressive Damage and Final Failure

Composites with 3D-woven reinforcement have been slowly making their way into different industrial applications. The interlacement of yarns, not only in-plane but also through-thickness, means that in many applications 3D-woven composites can outperform

A Holistic Safety Benefit Assessment Framework for Heavy Goods Vehicles

In 2019, more than one million crashes occurred on European roads, resulting in almost 23,000 traffic fatalities. Although heavy goods vehicles (HGVs) were only involved in 4.4% of these crashes, their proportion in crashes with fatal outcomes was almost

The driver response process in assisted and automated driving

Background: Safe assisted and automated driving can be achieved through a detailed understanding of the driver response process (the timing and quality of driver actions and visual behavior) triggered by an event such as a take-over request or a safety

Occupant Neck Muscle Modelling in Rear-End Crashes

The ultimate goal of the present research is to incorporate active and passive neck muscle effects in a female Finite Element (FE) Human Body Model (HBM). The application of interest is Whiplash Associated Disorders (WAD), which can occur in a low-speed

On Statistical Methods for Safety Validation of Automated Vehicles

Automated vehicles (AVs) are expected to bring safer and more convenient transport in the future. Consequently, before introducing AVs at scale to the general public, the required levels of safety should be shown with evidence. However, statistical

3-D rate dependent micromechanical model for polymer composites

Fibre reinforced polymeric composites are in high demand in automotive and aviation industries to improve fuel efficiency. However, the dynamic behaviour of composites is not very well understood. Furthermore, dynamic loading together with the anisotropic

Open source code for cycling in the simulator

Developing a Virtual Reality Bicycle Simulator in Unity for Traffic Safety Research Integration

This thesis focuses on the development and utilization of a virtual reality bicycle simulator for the purposes of traffic safety research. The bicycle simulator is developed using a virtual reality head mounted display (HMD) and commercially available

Final Project Report (Swedish)

This project has studied how virtual reality (VR) can be used to study the communication between self-driving vehicles and cyclists from the cyclist's perspective. In the project, a bicycle simulator for implementation into VR has been developed, and an

A data–information–knowledge cycle for modeling driving behavior

When talking about automation, “autonomous vehicles”, often abbreviated as AVs, come to mind. In transitioning from the “driver” mode to the different automation levels, there is an inevitable need for modeling driving behavior. This often happens through

Public Report HAVOC Heavy Vehicle Operation Centre

Detecting Driver Sleepiness Using Consumer Wearable Devices in Manual and Partial Automated Real-Road Driving

Driver sleepiness constitutes a well-known traffic safety risk. With the introduction of automated driving systems, the chance of getting sleepy and even falling asleep at wheel could increase further. Conventional sleepiness detection methods based on

Detecting driver fatigue using heart rate variability: a systematic review

Driver fatigue detection systems have potential to improve road safety by preventing crashes and saving lives. Conventional driver monitoring systems based on driving performance and facial features may be challenged by the application of automated driving

Field evaluation of using Polar H10 sensor to measure heart rate variability for driver state monitoring

Physiological measurements have potential to complement conventional driver monitoring systems based on driving performance and facial features. Heart rate variability (HRV), a physiological marker reflecting changes of the cardiac sympathetic and

Heart rate variability as an indicator for driver fatigue, different effects of time of day and time-on-task.

Heart rate variability (HRV) has been considered as a potential physiological marker for driver fatigue. However, consensus has not been reached for how HRV changes during the development of fatigue, due to inconsistent results in the literature. One

Uncertainty Aware Data Driven Precautionary Safety for Automated Driving Systems Considering Perception Failures and Event Exposure

Ensuring safety is arguably one of the largest remaining challenges before wide-spread market adoption of Automated Driving Systems (ADSs). One central aspect is how to provide evidence for the fulfilment of the safety claims and, in particular, how to

Investigating the Need for Explicit Communication of Non-Yielding Intent through eHMIs in AV-Pedestrian Interaction

External human-machine interfaces (eHMIs) support automated vehicles (AVs) in interacting with vulnerable road users such as pedestrians. eHMI research has mostly dealt with investigating the communication an AV’s yielding intent, but there is little

Passenger kinematics variance in different vehicle manoeuvres – biomechanical response corridors based on principal component analysis

This study explores the influence of occupant characteristics and belt type on occupant kinematics in evasive manoeuvres and provides models for construction of response corridors. Data originated from evasive manoeuvres with male and female volunteers.

Human body model muscle activation influence on crash response

Whole-Sequence simulations consisting of a pre-crash manoeuvre and a crash scenario were carried out to investigate the effect of muscle activation on Human Body Model (HBM) kinematics and injury predictions during crash. A full factorial combination of

Active human body model simulations of whole-sequence braking and far-side side impact configurations whole-sequence far-side impact simulations

Vehicle crashes may be preceded by evasive manoeuvres, executed by the driver or automatically. This study demonstrates a seamless simulation with an Active Human Body Model (HBM) as driver in a whole-sequence crash scenario, consisting of a braking

Applicability of using machine learning to improve computational efficiency of combined pre-crash and crash simulations

Vehicle occupant safety is commonly evaluated in dynamic finite element simulations. Common finite element occupant models are human body models (HBM), active human body models (AHBM), and dummy models in pre-crash and crash simulations are time-consuming

Influence of support leg for booster seats

Protection of Children in Cars Conference, December 2022 A Safety Framework for the Evolution of Boosters: Current and Future Mobility

Analysis of Child Belt Fit and Posture on a Selection of Belt-Positioning Boosters from the US and Swedish Markets

Simulating the Influence of Lap-belt Load Limiting on Injury Risks for Upright and Reclined Occupants with the SAFER Human Body Model

Effects of restraint parameters using PIPER 6y in reclined seating during frontal impact

This study explores possible challenges for child occupants in reclined seating positions, applying current protection systems. Using PIPER 6 y in frontal impacts, the aim was to investigate the effect of restraint parameters in reclined seating positions

Influence of Individual Ribcage Shape Variability on Occupant Rib Fracture Risk

Human body models (HBMs) offer the potential to predict injury risk across broad populations. Adapting baseline HBM geometry to different body shapes, however, is often done using statistical shape models based on age, sex, height and weight, which

Load-limiting in the lap belt reduces injury risks associated with new seating positions

The two objectives are to demonstrate technical feasibility for an advanced 3-point seatbelt system incorporating double lap belt pre-tensioning and load-limiting and to evaluate its injury risk reduction relative to that of a 3-point seatbelt without

Reducing Lumbar Spine Vertebra Fracture Risk With an Adaptive Seat Track Load Limiter

In future fully automated vehicles, sleeping or resting will be desirable during a drive. While a horizontal position currently appears infeasible, a relaxed seating position with a reclined seatback and an inclined seat pan which enables a safe

Experimental Setup for Assessing Drivers’ Experiences of Reclined Sitting Posture in Automated Vehicles

Highly automated vehicles are opening new opportunities for alternative sitting postures, such as the reclined posture, when drivers disengage from conventional driving tasks. This paper presents an experimental setup to assess drivers’ experiences of the

Automated quantification of occupant posture and shoulder belt fit using safety specific key points

Virtual evaluation of automotive safety with variation in occupant posture and shoulder belt fit is gaining importance, and there is a need of methods facilitating analysis of occupant postures in driving studies. This study is aimed to develop an AI-based

Applicability of Graph Neural Networks to predict Human variability in Human Body Model Rib Strain Predictions

Finite element human body models have in recent years become widely used in the area of vehicle safety evaluations. They make it possible to predict injury risk in specific areas, down to the organ level in the human body. An existing human body model

Emergency Braking With ACC: How Much Does V2V Communication Help?

This letter provides a safety analysis for emergency braking scenarios involving consecutive vehicles. The vehicles use adaptive cruise control (ACC) with a constant-distance policy together with additional vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication for

Towards a Complete Safety Framework for Longitudinal Driving

Formal models for the safety validation of autonomous vehicles have become increasingly important. To this end, we present a safety framework for longitudinal automated driving. This framework allows calculating minimum safe inter-vehicular distances for