Project

Feedback Control in LS-DYNA and Application for Modeling Muscle Responses of Car Occupants

Modeling Active Human Muscle Responses during Driver and Autonomous Avoidance Maneuvers

Integration of pre-crash and in-crash safety systems has a potential to further reduce car occupant fatalities and to mitigate injuries. However, the introduction of integrated safety systems creates new requirements for Human Body Models (HBMs) as

Modelling of Car Occupant Muscle Responses in a Finite Element Human Body Model

Over 30 000 fatalities related to the road transport system are reported in Europe annually. Of these fatalities, the largest share is car occupants, even though significant improvements in vehicle safety have been achieved by the implementation of in

Cervical Muscle Responses to Multi-Directional Perturbations

Numerical human models are widely used in the design process and evaluation of passive and active vehicle safety systems in pre-crash and crash situations. Development and validation of human models that simulate neuromuscular control requires information

Finite Element Musculoskeletal Model with Feedback Control to Simulate Spinal Postural Responses

Today, most Finite Element (FE) Human Body Models (HBMs) are intended for crash simulations and not for pre-crash events, due to the lack of active muscles. To study combined pre- and in crash events, muscle activity is essential. Therefore, this work

Evaluation at low g-level loading

Muscle Responses of Car Occupants: Numerical Modeling and Volunteer Experiments under Pre-Crash Braking Conditions

Over 30 000 fatalities related to the road transport system are reported anually in Europe. Of these fatalities, the largest share is car occupants, even though significant improvements in vehicle safety have been achieved by the implementation of in-crash

Volunteer Muscle Activity in Dynamic Events. Input Data for Human Body Models.

Human body models (HBMs) are virtual human surrogates used to predict kinematic and injury responses during motor vehicle crashes. In recent years, active musculature has been incorporated into HBMs for enhanced biofidelity in simulated emergency scenarios

A Method to Model Anticipatory Postural Control in Driver Braking Events

Human Body Models (HBMs) for vehicle occupant simulations have recently been extended with active muscles and postural control strategies. Feedback control has been used to model occupant responses to autonomous braking interventions. However, driver

A Human Body Model with Active Muscles for Simulation of Pre-Tensioned Restraints in Autonomous Braking Interventions

Objective: The aim of this work is to study driver and passenger kinematics in autonomous braking scenarios, with and without pre-tensioned seat belts, using a whole-body finite element (FE) human body model (HBM) with active muscles. Methods: Upper

Simulation of Active Skeletal Muscle Tissue with a Transversely Isotropic Viscohyperelastic Continuum Material Model

Human body models with biofidelic kinematics in vehicle pre-crash and crash simulations require a constitutive model of muscle tissue with both passive and active properties. Therefore, a transversely isotropic viscohyperelastic continuum material model

Active Muscle Responses in a Finite Element Human Body Model

The development of automotive safety systems is moving towards an integration of systems that are active before and during an impact. Consequently, there is a need to make a combined analysis of both the pre-crash and the in-crash phases, which leads to

Continuum Models of Active Musculature for Impact Biomechanics Simulation

In order to obtain reliable and realistic results for a human body model in a car crash simulation, having a suitable constitutive model for muscle tissue with both passive and active properties, is of great importance. Skeletal muscles have experimentally

Active muscle response using feedback control of a finite element human arm model

Mathematical human body models (HBMs) are important research tools that are used to study the human response in car crash situations. Development of automotive safety systems requires the implementation of active muscle response in HBM, as novel safety

The Occupant Response to Autonomous Braking: A Modeling Approach That Accounts for Active Musculature

Objective: The aim of this study is to model occupant kinematics in an autonomous braking event by using a Finite Element (FE) Human Body Model (HBM) with active muscles, as a step towards HBMs that can be used for injury prediction in integrated pre-crash

Active Muscle Control in Human Body Model Simulations - Implementation of a feedback control algorithm with standard keywords in LS-DYNA

Simulation of occupant responses in scenarios involving low load levels requires the addition of active muscles to add posture control and muscular response to the human body. A model for active muscle control has previously been implemented in the

Driver Kinematic and Muscle Responses in Braking Events with Standard and Reversible Pre-tensioned Restraints: Validation Data for Human Models

The objectives of this study are to generate validation data for human models intended for simulation of occupant kinematics in a pre-crash phase, and to evaluate the effect of an integrated safety system on driver kinematics and muscle responses. Eleven

Human Body Modeling for Integrated Safety Analyses, Adult and Child Models

Human body modeling for integrated safety analyses using THUMS

To successfully apply human body models to analyze real life safety systems, they have to: (1) be numerically robust in a wide range of crash loading conditions, (2) be computationally efficient to enable analyses with full car models, (3) represent the

Passenger Kinematics and Muscle Responses in Autonomous Braking Events with Standard and Reversible Pre-tensioned Restraints

Biofidelic human body models (HBMs) with active muscles are valuable tools for assessing the safety potential of systems that are active immediately before and during a crash. For validation, experimental data including muscle activity are required. This