Publications

Realism of overtaking situations in motion based driving simulators

The credibility of the research results of driving simulator studies is highly dependent on the realism that the simulator is capable of producing. A key component is therefore how realistic the driving is perceived by the drivers (test subjects)

A reference architecture for cooperative driving

Cooperative driving systems enable vehicles to adapt their motion to the surrounding traffic situation by utilizing information communicated by other vehicles and infrastructure in the vicinity. How should these systems be designed and integrated into the

A Refined Vehicle Dynamic Model for Driving Simulators

Driving simulators play an important role in the automotive field, especially in the research about human factors and in the development of driving assistance systems. For this reason, driving experience should be as close as possible to reality. The

Reliability Analysis of Consensus in Cooperative Transport Systems

Our work is concerned with the reliability analysis of a 1-of-n selection algorithm with the aim of solving the problem of reaching to an agreement among n processes in presence of unrestricted communication failures. We show the use of probabilistic model

Role of Sensory and Cognitive Conspicuity in the Prevention of Collisions between Motorcycles and Trucks

Motorcyclists are particularly vulnerable to injury in crashes with heavy vehicles due to substantial differences in vehicle mass, the degree of protection and speed. This study aims to evaluate the effects of motorcycle conspicuity treatments on the

Run time safety analysis for automotive systems in an open and adaptive environment

Cooperative vehicles are no longer fiction. A key factor is the ability for vehicles to exchange information with their environment. The shared information can be used to realize new functionalities, from virtual traffic lights to emergency braking, thus

Safe Mobility for Older Drivers: Analysis of Challenging Situations, Self-Reported Driving Habits and Capacity among Older Drivers (70+) In Sweden

A lot of heterogeneity exists in the older population. It is therefore particularly crucial to study how various factors influence the way older drivers regulate their driving habits. Estimation of the own capacity related to cognitive performances, as

SAFE Move for older drivers: A French-Swedish research initiative to keep the balance between safety and mobility

The regulation of driving activity according to one’s actual motor, visual and cognitive state is crucial for continuing to drive in a safe manner, for maintaining mobility and autonomy and for reducing accident risk. The SAFE MOVE project is based on the

SAFE Move for older drivers: A French-Swedish research initiative to keep the balance between safety and mobility

Faced with the aging of the population, it is crucial for older drivers to keep driving in order to ensure their mobility and autonomy in daily life as long as possible. Driving is an important aspect of maintaining mobility and independence in older

Safety Kernel for Cooperative Sensor-Based Systems

Developing smart vehicles, either automobile or aerial, to realise cooperative functionality in open and inherently uncertain environments is a difficult task. One fundamental challenge is to make cooperation predictable and safe, despite the uncertainties

Self-Stabilizing Byzantine Resilient Topology Discovery and Message Delivery

Traditional Byzantine resilient algorithms use 2f + 1 vertex-disjoint paths to ensure message delivery in the presence of up to f Byzantine nodes. The question of how these paths are identified is related to the fundamental problem of topology discovery

Self-Stabilizing TDMA Algorithms for Dynamic Wireless Ad Hoc Networks

In dynamic wireless ad hoc networks (DynWANs), autonomous computing devices set up a network for the communication needs of the moment. These networks require the implementation of a medium access control (MAC) layer. We consider MAC protocols for DynWANs

A simple real-time aerodynamic model for vehicles in overtaking situations

Aerodynamic forces and moments play an important role in, e.g., overtaking situations, and affect the trajectory of the involved vehicles. One method of studying these effects and how the driver responds is via driving simulator studies. However, models

Simulation, validation and design of cooperative driving systems using PreScan

Creating vehicle platoons is a way to reduce congestion, lower fuel consumption and to make roads safer. Making these platoons is possible thanks to inter-vehicle communications, communication between vehicles and infrastructure as well as equipping the

A Study of the Impact of Single Bit-Flip and Double Bit-Flip Errors on Program Execution

This paper presents the results of an extensive experimental study of bit-flip errors in instruction set architecture registers and main memory locations. Comprising more than two million fault injection experiments conducted with thirteen benchmark

Support Systems Designed for Older Drivers to Achieve Safe and Comfortable Driving

System Architecture in a Heavy DutyVehicle Platooning System using xPCTargetTM

The ongoing environmental debate emphasizes the need for reducing CO2 emissions in order to counteract rapid climate change. The transportation industry is growing and is already today a significant contributor to green house gas emissions. Information and

A test-based method for the assessment of pre-crash warning and braking systems

In this paper, a test-based assessment method for pre-crash warning and braking systems is presented where the effectiveness of a system is measured by its ability to reduce the number of injuries of a given type or severity in car-to-car rear-end

The time saving bias in static-cognitive and dynamic-driving judgements

Towards Benchmarking of Functional Safety in the Automotive Industry

Functional safety is becoming increasingly important in the automotive industry to deal with the growing reliance on the electrical and/or electronic (E/E) systems and the associated complexities. The introduction of ISO 26262, a new standard for

Towards Evaluation of Post Impact Braking Function in Driving Simulator

This paper presents a method to evaluate the vehicle Post Impact Braking function in driving simulator environment. This function is designed to apply automatic braking after an initial impact on the vehicle body. Four representative impact scenarios and

Towards lightweight logging and replay of embedded, distributed systems

Due to their safety critical nature, Cyber-Physical Systems such as collaborative cars or smart grids demand for thorough testing and evaluation. However, debugging such systems during deployment is challenging, due to the concurrent nature of distributed

Towards Resilient Real-Time Wireless Communications

The use of wireless networks on environments with real-time constrains requires timeliness and dependability guarantees to allow the execution of time-restricted networked operations. The current wireless standards and state-of-the-art solutions pay no or

Transforming local sensor tracks prior to track-to-track fusion in an automotive safety system

This paper addresses a practical issue that arises when the output from two local trackers, using two different state-space models, are to be fused with each other in a global track-to-track fusion system. Such fusion algorithms require the local tracks to

A Unified Approach to Threat Assessment and Control for Automotive Active Safety

This paper presents the design of a novel active safety system preventing unintended roadway departures. The proposed framework unifies threat assessment, stability, and control of passenger vehicles into a single combined optimization problem. A nonlinear

Uniform Multiprocessor Periodic Resource model

At RTSOPS 2012, we presented the problem of compositional analysis of HSFs on uniform multiprocessors. In this fast abstract, we overview the progress made on the problem since then, and some ongoing work. For a detailed description with proofs, the reader

Distraction and inattention prevention by combining Behaviour-Based Safety with Advanced Driver Assistance Systems

Development of Behaviour-Based Safety (BBS) and Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) has been carried out largely independently of each other. Although both approaches have the same goal of improving traffic safety, they operate at different

Validity-based failure algebra for distributed sensor systems

Distributed applications dealing with data from networked sensors need some indication about the quality of remote information. This paper describes how to derive a dynamic validity value that represents a measure for the confidence in remote sensor data

Vehicle Dynamics Control after Impacts in Multiple-Event Accidents

Accidents statistics show that multiple-event accidents (MEAs) represent aconsiderable and increasing proportion of all vehicle traffic accidents. MEAs are characterized by having at least one vehicle subjected to more than one harmful event. MEAs now

What is the Relation between Bicycle Dynamics and Safety in the Real World?

Cycling safety is a worldwide safety concern that jeopardizes cycling sustainability. In 2011, cyclist fatalities totaled 658 in Japan, 677 in US, and 2092 in EU. In Europe the proportion of bicyclists’ death is also increasing as a consequence of drivers’

Why Do We not Learn from Defects? Towards Defect-Driven Software Process Improvement

In this paper, we put forth the thesis that state-of-the-art defect classification schemes – such as ODC and IEEE Std. 1044 – have failed to meet their target; limited industrial adoption is taken as part of the evidence combined with published studies on

A45 Boundary Conditions for Vehicle Automation Final Report

This report summarizes the activities and results from the first year of the FFI funded projects ”Boundary Conditions for Vehicle Automation”, with partners Autoliv, SAFER, Scania, Volvo Cars and Volvo Group. To give Sweden a leading position within

Adaptive Eyes - Driver Distraction and Inattention Prevention Through Advanced Driver Assistance Systems and Behaviour-Based Safety

Technology pervades our daily living, and is increasingly integrated into the vehicle – directly affecting driving. On the one hand technology such as cell phones provoke driver distraction and inattention, whereas, on the other hand, Advanced Driver

An overview of User Experience Approaches in relation to Design Research

User experience (UX) has been a hot topic in design and human computer interaction research over the past decades, sprung from need of understanding users subjective responses to a product. Design research and UX are linked by partly common influences. In

Balancing active and passive safety Final Report

The project resulted in a methodology to understand the effectiveness of safety systems to save lives. The method involved vehicle dynamics, driver behavior, infrastructure and fleet penetration. Moreover, the project resulted in a standardization

Bayesian Road Estimation Using Onboard Sensors

This paper describes an algorithm for estimating the road ahead of a host vehicle based on the measurements from several onboard sensors: a camera, a radar, wheel speed sensors, and an inertial measurement unit. We propose a novel road model that is able

Behavioural adaptation in response to driving assistance technologies - A literature review

This book brings together recent work by the project ADAPTATION, to provide a better understanding of drivers’ adaption processes, the effect of technology use, the impact of age and the effects of the system’s performance and the level of automation. It

Binary-Level Fault Injection for AUTOSAR Systems

Continuously growing complexity of the automotive Electrical and/or Electronic (E/E) systems has prompted major manufacturers (OEMs) and suppliers to embrace the AUTOSAR (Automotive Open System Architecture) standard. Furthermore, recent introduction of

Challenging situations, self-reported driving habits and capacity among older drivers (70+) in Sweden. A questionnaire study

Summary: This survey study is part of a major research project Safe Mobility for Older Drivers SAFE MOVE carried out between Sweden and France in collaboration. The older population is heterogeneous in relation to health, cognitive state and experience. At

Cognitive workload and visual behavior in elderly drivers with hearing loss

Purpose: To examine eye tracking data and compare visual behavior in individuals with normal hearing (NH) and with moderate hearing loss (HL) during two types of driving conditions: normal driving and driving while performing a secondary task. Methods: 24

Combined Longitudinal and Lateral Control Design for String Stable Vehicle Platooning within a Designated Lane

We propose a combined longitudinal and lateral control approach for vehicle platooning within a designated lane. We combine linear frequency and time domain methods, to design longitudinal control that ensures string stability while enforcing safety

Comparing and validating models of driver steering behaviour in collision avoidance and vehicle stabilisation

A number of driver models were fitted to a large data set of human truck driving, from a simulated near-crash, low-friction scenario, yielding two main insights: steering to avoid a collision was best described as an open-loop manoeuvre of predetermined

Computational Verification Methods for Automotive Safety Systems

This thesis considers computational methods for analysis and verification of the class of automotive safety systems which support the driver by monitoring the vehicle and its surroundings, identifying hazardous situations and actively intervening to

Current Gaps, Challenges and Opportunities in the Field of Road Vehicle Automatation

The aim of this study is to identify current research gaps, challenges, and opportunities in the field of vehicle automation. The study is based on a literature review. The review shows that the current research focuses mainly on improvements in sensing

Desktop Driving Simulator with Modular Vehicle Model and Scenario Specification

Driving Simulators are one of the key tools to simulate and verify, interactions between vehicle & driver in a realistic as well as conditioned traffic environment. Real vehicle testing and pure simulation (using a driver model) are two alternative

Development of a parameterized passenger vehicle model for longitudinal dynamics for a desktop driving simulator

Driver behaviour in unexpected critical events and in repeated exposures - a comparison

A Driver Model Using Optic Information for Longitudinal and Lateral Control of a Long Vehicle Combination

High driver acceptance is believed to be an important aspect when introducing automated driving functionalities for prospective long vehicle combinations. The main hypothesis of this paper is that high driver acceptance can be realized by utilizing driver

End-users' acceptance and use of adaptive cruise control systems

An online survey was distributed to end-users of adaptive cruise control (ACC). In total 90 drivers answered the questionnaire, which covered e.g. ACC usage and how such use affects driver behaviour. According the responses: the ACC is used primarily on

Development of a Haptic HMI for Autonomous Cars

The aim of this thesis was to tackle the areas of autonomous driving and haptics in a multimodal context. The level of autonomy was set to be applicable by the car industry within five years, but still be futuristic enough to develop unique and compatible